Abstract:
Lasiodiplodia species causing mango Stem-end rot disease (SER) are mainly controlled using synthetic products, which can harm humans and environmental health. Therefore, developing an eco-friendly control method, such as using plant extract products, is imperative. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of 3 biopesticides based on essential oils (ASTOUN 50 EC, FERCA 50 EC, and NECO 50 EC) at 300, 500, 700, 1000 ppm and Moringa oleifera leaves extracts (Methanolic and aqueous) at 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/250 ml on mycelial growth of Lasiodiplodia theobromae in vitro. Subsequently, 135 fruits (cv. Kent) per treatment were inoculated (1 × 105 spores/ml) and treated with each biopesticide (700, 1000 and 2000 ppm) and M. oleifera leaves extracts (15 and 20 g/250 ml) in vivo to evaluate their efficacy on mango SER development. The results showed that the biopesticides ASTOUN (Cymbopogon citratus) and NECO (Occimmun gratissimun) completely inhibited the mycelial growth of L. theobromae at 700 and 1000 ppm. Similarly, M. oleifera methanolic extract has the highest inhibitory rate (65.45 %) compared to aqueous extract (42.44%). Moreover, 1000 and 2000 ppm of biofungicides and 15 and 20 g/250 ml of M. oleifera methanolic extract significantly reduced mango SER development compared to the control. This study provides evidence that these plant extracts are effective alternatives to mango SER management that are consistent with sustainable agriculture principles, promote ecological balance, and reduce the environmental impact of conventional agriculture.
